Define wave & Types of waves:

•  A wave is a disturbance that travels through space and time, carrying energy from one place to another without the transfer of mass. 
• Waves are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.

Types of Waves:

• a. Mechanical Waves: Mechanical waves are waves that require a medium to propagate, such as air or water. They are characterized by their wavelength, frequency, and amplitude, and can be either longitudinal or transverse. Examples of mechanical waves include sound waves, ocean waves, and seismic waves.
• b. Electromagnetic Waves: Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that do not require a medium to propagate. They travel through a vacuum, such as space, and carry energy in the form of electromagnetic fields. Examples of electromagnetic waves include light, X-rays, and radio waves.
• c. Longitudinal Waves: Longitudinal waves are waves in which the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as the direction of wave propagation. Examples of longitudinal waves include sound waves and seismic waves.
• d. Transverse Waves: Transverse waves are waves in which the displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Examples of transverse waves include light waves and ocean waves.